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Latest — 27 Mar 2025

CISSP Domain 1 – Professional Ethics in Security and Risk Management

As I prepare for the CISSP exam, diving into Domain 1 (Security and Risk Management), one topic stands out as both fundamental and deeply personal: professional ethics. At first, it might seem like just another item to memorize on a study list. However, I quickly realized that understanding ethics isn’

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Configuring OSPF on Cisco Routers: Easy Step-by-Step Guide

Are you prepping for your CCNA or another networking certification exam and feeling a bit anxious about OSPF configuration? You're not alone. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a fundamental topic in networking and one of the routing protocols you'll definitely encounter in your studies (Introduction

CompTIA Security+: Master Securing Devices & Host Systems

Introduction When I first started studying for the CompTIA Security+ (SY0-601) exam, I quickly realized how critical securing devices and host systems is. In fact, securing endpoints like our laptops, servers, and phones is not just another exam objective – it’s a real-world necessity. Various studies estimate that up to

Cryptography Basics for CompTIA Security+ Certification

Introduction Cryptography is one of the most intriguing and essential pillars of cybersecurity. It involves transforming readable data (plaintext) into an unreadable format (ciphertext) to protect it from unauthorized access, and then reversing the process to recover the original data (Why is encryption important for privacy? | Encryption and privacy | Cloudflare)

Essential Networking Foundations for CompTIA Security+ Success

One way to visualize TCP/IP in action is to follow a simple scenario: You open your web browser at work and navigate to your company’s secure intranet site. What happens under the hood? First, your computer needs the IP address of that intranet site. It will likely use

Breaking Down the CompTIA Security+ (SY0-701) Domains

When you're building a successful IT career, one certification consistently stands out: CompTIA Security+. Whether you're just starting out or you're an experienced professional, the newly updated Security+ SY0-701 is a powerful certification to validate your cybersecurity knowledge and skills. But what's

OSPF Neighbor Relationships: The Foundation of OSPF

Have you ever wondered why some OSPF configurations run seamlessly while others seem fraught with mystery and confusion? At the heart of any successful OSPF deployment is a clear understanding of OSPF neighbor relationships. These relationships form the cornerstone upon which the reliability and efficiency of your entire network rest.

OSPF Packet Types Explained: Hello, DBD, LSR, LSU, LSAck

When it comes to routing protocols, OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) remains one of the most powerful and widely-used protocols today. Its effectiveness lies largely in the seamless communication between routers using specialized packets. In this comprehensive guide, we'll dive deep into OSPF packet types—Hello, DBD (Database

Understanding OSPF Terminology and Concepts: A Comprehensive Guide for Network Professionals

If you're diving into the world of networking, chances are you've heard about OSPF (Open Shortest Path First). As an essential protocol used to facilitate efficient data exchange in large networks, OSPF is fundamental for both beginners and seasoned network professionals. In this guide, we'

OSPF vs. Other Routing Protocols: When to Use OSPF

OSPF vs. Other Routing Protocols: When to Use OSPF Introduction When designing or optimizing a network, one of the most critical decisions you’ll face is choosing the right routing protocol. The choice influences everything from scalability and convergence speed to complexity and vendor support. In my years as a